Automatic revolving scraper



Aug. 17 1926.

J. s. REYNOLDS AUTOMATIC REVOLVING SCRAPER Filed Feb. 2. 1926 3 shtetl-sheo t l A Trek 1x5.

Q Q a wk y w M vww i 5 m\ Aug. 17 1926.

J. s. REYNOLDS AUTOMATIC REVOLVING SCRAPER Filed Feb. 2, 1926 3 Sheets-Shoot 5 T022 JS 'PH S FB /v 405,

Patented Aug. 17, 1926.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH S. REYNOLDS, OF BALBOA, CALIFORNIA.

AUTOMATIC REVOLVING SCRAPER.

Application filed February This invention relates to revolving earth scrapers for leveling ground, hauling dirt, etc. A common type of earth scraper comprises a revolving scoop or bowl which is pivotally secured to a draft frame, by which it is pulled along the ground. Mechanism is carried by the scoop and the draft frame which is actuable in such a manner as to cause the scoop to gather and to dump 1o earth.

My invention relates particularly to a type of rotary earth scraper which employ-s a two-part draft frame which is so constructed and connected with certain parts as to conscoop. A scraper. of this type is shown in the patent to Rose, et al. No. 1,460,340. Such scrapers as shown by Rose and others which are on the market are somewhat intricate, containing many interconnecting parts, which makes the cost thereof considerable and complicates the operation thereof.

It is an object of my invention to provide tion includes a revolving scoop having a scoop control frame pivoted thereto and a .main or pull frame which is pivoted to the scoop control frame in such .a manner that the pull on the scoop control frame, by the main frame, tends to move the scoop and the scoop control frame from digging position into carrying position when the scoop is loaded.

It is also an object of my invention to provide a revolving scraper of this character having a unique 'operati'ng arrangement which is exceedingly simple' I provide a unitary rigid lever which extends from the scoop control frame. The construction of the various parts of my invention is such that'this lever may be operated to move into and retain the scoop' in digging position, or may be operated to move the scoop out of digging position into carrying position.

It is another object of this invention to provide a revolving scraper having a revolvable scoop which has a scoop control frame pivoted thereto, and means for rele-asably locking the scoop and the scoop control frame together. A main frame is ivoted to the scoop control frame so that t e line of control frame and the pull on the scoo scoop, if extende passes very close to the cutting edge of the scoop.

It is another object of this invention to trol various positions and operations of the a two-frame revolving scraper. My inven- 2, 1926. Serial No. 85,462.

provide a revolving scraper of the character mentioned having a yoke which operates the means for releasably engaging the scoop.

' Another object of this invention is to provide a means for resiliently-retaining the engaging arrangement in engaging positlon.

Other objects and the particular advantages of my invention will be made evident hereinafter. I

Referring to the four sheets of drawings in which I illustrate a my invention,

Fig. 1 is an elevational view showing a. revolving scraper embodying the features of my invention. In this view the scoop of the scraper is shown in carrying position.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the scoop shown in Fig. 1, but showing the relative position when the scoop is in digging position.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1.

The form of my invention shown in the drawings comprises a scoop 11 having sides 12 to which runners 13 and trunnions 14 are secured.

preferred form of Bear ends 15 of pivot bars 16 are pivotal ly placed on the trunnions 14, said pivot bars 16 declining forwardly from said trunnions 14.7 Vertical bars 17 are connected to the forward ends of the pivot bars 16 by pins 18. Bars 19 are rigidly secured'by rivets 20 to the pivot bar 16 adjacent to the rear ends of these bars 16. The bars 19 are connected by rivets 21 to the upper ends of the vertical bars 17, thus forming rigid triangular structures. The bars 19 have forwardly and inwardly extending portions 23, having parallel ends 24, between which an operating lever 25 is secured by means of rivets 26. The lever 25 extends upwardly .at 27 and has a handle 28 located adjacent to the drivers seat 29 of a tractor or other tractive vehicle 30. The pivot bars 16, the

,vertical bars 17, and the bars 19 constitute the scoop control frame of this invention.

Rear ends 35 of side bars 36 plvot to the scoop control frame by means of the pivots or pins 18. As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the rear ends of the side bars 36 have downwardly directed portions 38'. As

evident in the drawings the downwardly directed portions 38 are pivoted to the scoop control frame at points very closet the cutting edge 80 of thescoop and only slightly thereabove. The pivot of the'main frame to the scoop control frame of my invention constitutes what I term the"main pivot of the scoop 11. The side bars 36 are connected together by a cross bar 39 secured thereto by rivets 40. at 42 and connect with a central bar 43 at the extreme forward end thereof, as indicated at 44. A clevis 45 is secured-to the bars 36 and '43, by which they are attached to the tractor'30. The. rear end of the central bar 43 is secured to the crossbar 39, as by angles 46. The side bars 36, the cross bar 39 and the central bar 43 constitute the main frame or pulling frame of my invention.

' A guide bar 48 is secured to the central bar as clearly shown in Fig. 4. This bar 48 has a pair'of legs 49, between which the operating lever 25 extend s,this guide bar 48-serving to guidethe lever 25. and to prevent it from moving upwardly beyond a certain point. I

Stops are carried. by the runners '13, these stops 55 having outwardly extending engagement portions 56. Dogs or engagers 57 having engagement faces 58 are pivoted to the scoop control frame'by means of the rivets 21, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, there being suitable collars or spacers 6O placed. between the engagers 57 and the vertical bars 17 .for retaining these engagers. in their proper position. Secured to arms 63 of the engagers 57 are inwardly extending bars 64 which have portions 65 which meet at the center of the scraper, these'bars 64 forming a dump yoke which connects the engagers 57 together, and the portions 65 forming an attachmentportion. A rope' 66 extends from the upper end 65 of the dump yoke to the drivers seat 29 of the tractor 30. By pulling upon the rope 66 the dump yoke. 65 is swung forwardly andthe engagers 57 are disengaged from the stops 55.

Pivoted to the bars 19 by pivots 68 are rods 69 which extend through cars 70 provided by the: engagers 57. Nuts 71 are threaded on the ends of the rods 69 which extend through the cars 70 and prevent these engagers from swinging rearwardly beyond a certain position. Compressed between the 7 cars 70 and discs 73 secured on the rods 69 are compression springs 75. These springs 75 resiliently retain the engagers 57 in engaging position.

The operation of the rotary scraper just described is substantially as follows:

The scoop 11 is shown in traveling position by dotted lines of Fig. 3 and as sliding on the runners 13. By pulling on the rope 66 the dump yoke 64 is pulled forwardly into the position indicated by dotted lines The side bars 36 extend inwardly 86 of Fig. 3, and the engagers are thus disengaged from stops 55 which are holding the scoop in traveling position. The rope is immediately released and the engagers are allowed to engage the next pair of stops 55,

thus retaining the scoop in digging position.

the earth in the scoop automatically moves the scoop into carrying position as illustrated in Fig. 1. The scoop is held in this position until the load is dumpcdby pulling on therope 66 which operates the dump yoke and disengages the engagers 57 from the stops 55. The scoop is thereby allowed to rotate into carrying position or may be al-- lowed to rotate completely by retaining .the engagersin disengaged position if the load is to be dumped in a pile.

When the scoop is loaded, the cutting edge will not engage into the ground until the load is dumped and the empty scoop is returned to digging position. The scoop when loaded will pass over elevations and depressions in the ground without the cutting edge digging into the ground and without manually operating the lever 25. The operating lever may be used in exigencies or when it is desired to dig extra deep, in event of which the tractor operator may depress the operating lever 25 to take the proper cut. The lever is also used when it is desired to pass over a certain space of ground without digging. For example, suppose the scoop is digging and a place is come to which it is desired to pass over, the lever is raised by the operator, this removing the cutting edge from engagement with the ground so that the scoop will pass over this place without digging. The lever is then released and the scoop is returned to digging position.

ing position, and dotted lines 91 representthe scraper in digging position. 93 represents'the point of attachment of the scraper tothe tractor 3U. Whenever the engagers 57 are engaging the stops 55, the scoop 11 and the scoop control frame are locked together and hinged to the main frame at the main pivot 18. 95' represents the position of the main pivot 18' when the scoop is in carrying position, and '96 represents the position of the main pivot when the scoop is in digging position. 98 represents the line of pull on the scoop when the scoop is in carrying position, this line 98 passing through the points 93 and 95; and 99 repre-v sents the .iine of pull on the scoop when it is in digging position, the line 99 passing through they points'93 and 96. It should be noted that both lines of pull 98 and 99 pass very close to the cutting edge 80 of the scoop 11.

100 represents the line of cutting, which line may also represent the ground line. The friction of engagement between the cutting edge 80 and the ground, at any instant, tends to prevent a forward motion of the cutting edge with a result that the line of ull 98 has a leverage A on the cutting edge 80 of the scoop which rotates the scoop about the cutting edge in a direction indicated by an arrow 101 (Fig. 1) into the vdotted line position 91. This movement of the scoop lowers the main pivot 18 through which the line .of pull passes so that the leverage on the cutting edge 80 is reduced to that indicated by B-.. The leverage B is so small that the weight of the scoop entirely balances it. It should, however, be noted that the farther the scoop rotates in the direction of the arrow 101' the smaller the leverage on the cutting edge becomes,

and if not counteracted by the weight of the scoop would reduce to'zero. The forces applied through the leverages A and'B are ting edge 80 is small.

onlyactive while the cutting edge is digging into the ground. A point 102 represents the center of gravity of the scoop when it is empty and a point 103 represents the center of gravity when the scoop is full.

The weight of the scoop 11, when it is empty, has a leverage around the cutting edge 80, as indicated at C, and has a leverage D around the cutting edge 80 when full of dirt. The weight of the scoop when it first assumes its digging position is very small since it is not yet loaded. Therefore, the force tending to swing the scoop in a counter-clockwise direction about the cut- Theweight of the scoop 11 and its load when in carrying position is quite great since the scoop is at thi time filled with dirt. Therefore, the force tending to rotate the scoop in a counterclockwise direction; about the cutting edge 80 is considerable.

l/Vheii the rope 66 is operated to allow the scoop 11 to move into digging position the parts of the scraper assume the positions as shown by the dotted lines 91 of this 1 figure. The cutting edge 80v is at this time in engagement with the ground and the leverage Bis placed thereon along the line of pull'99 by the tractive vehicle 30. The

I force resulting from the leverage B is. balanced by the force which results from the weight of the scoop 11 applied through the leverage 0. As the scoop 1s drawn along the ground the scoop .11 is filled with earth which increases the weight of the scoop and its load and gradually moves the center of gravity back to the point 103. As this oc-.

curs, the force appliedby the weight of the scoop and its load gradually overcomesthe force applied by the pull of the tractive vehicle and the scraper is gradually swung around the cutting edge 80 into theposition shown by the full lines 90 of Fig. 1. The leverage of pull when the scraper is moved from digging position into carrying position is increased to the leverage A. However, the leverage C is increased to D and the weight of the scoop is greatly increased so that the force of the weight of the scoop times the lever arm Dfis greater than the magnitude of pull times the lever arm A.

Therefore, the scoop will ride over the surface of the ground in carrying position.

It is very important to my invention that the lines of pull extend very close to the cutting edge 80 of the scoop 11 so that the leverages applied to the cutting edge 80 will be very small especially when the scoop is in digging position. It should be seen that theline of pull 99 which represents the line of pull when the scoop is in digging position practically extends through the cutting edge 80.

I claim as my invention:

' 1. A revolving scraper comprising: a

'scoop; trunnions rigidly attached to said scoop, said trunnions being secured at op-- secured to said scoop-control frame;.a main frame attached to said scoop control frame; and means for releasably holding said scoop from rotation.

. 2. A. revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; trunnions rigidly attached to said scoop, said trunnions being secured at 0pposite sides of said scoop on an axis pere pendicular to the line of motion of said scraper; a scoop control frame pivoted on said trunnions, said 'scoop'control frame comprising pivot bars pivoted on said trunnions and decllning forwardly therefrom,

bars secured to said pivot bars near said trunnions and inclining forwardly therefrom, and vertical bars secured to the forward ends of said pivot barsand to said bars at points above the forward ends of said pivot bars; an operating lever rigidly secured to said scoop control frame; a main frame attached to said scoop control frame; stops secured to said scoop; engagers pivoted to said bars of said scoop control frame, and

adapted to engage said stops; a dump yoke connecting said engagers together; and means for swinging said dump yoke.

3. A revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; trunnions rigidlyattached to said scoop, said trunnions being secured at opposite sides of said scoop on an axis perpendicular to the line of motion of said scraper; a scoop control frame pivoted on said trunnions, said scoop control frame comprising pivot bars pivoted on said trunnionsl and declining forwardly therefrom, bars secured to said pivot bars near said trunnions and inclining forwardly therefrom, and vertical bars'secured to the forward ends of said pivot bars and to said bars at points above the forward ends of said pivot bars; an operating lever rigidly secured to said scoop control frame; a main frame attached to said scoop control frame, said main frame having side bars, the rear ends of which are directed downward and are pivoted to the forward ends of said pivot bars; and means for releasably holding said scoop from rotation.

4. A revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; trunnions rigidly attached to said scoop, said trunnions being secured at opposite sides of said scoop on an axis perpendicular to the line of 'motion' of said scraper; a scoop control frame pivoted on said trunnions, said scoop control frame comprising pivot bars pivoted on said trunnions and declining forwardly therefrom bars secured to said pivot bars near said trunnions and inclining forwardly there from, and vertical bars secured to the forward ends of said. pivot bars and to said bars at points above the forward ends of said pivot bars; a hand manipulated operating lever rigidly secured to the forward ends of said bars which are converged together; a main frame attached to said scoop control frame, said main frame having side bars, the rear ends of which are directed downward and are pivoted to the forward ends of said pivot bars; a guide bar secured to said main frame for guiding said oper ating lever; stops secured to said scoop;

engagers pivoted to said bars of said scoop control frame, and adapted to engage said stops; a dump yoke connecting said engagers together; and means for swinging said dump yoke. I

5. IA revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; a scoop control frame pivoted to said scoop; means for locking said scoop and said scoop control frame against relative movement; a main frame; means for attaching said main frame to a tractive vehicle and a main pivot for attaching said main frame to said scoop control frame, said main pivot being so situated that the forcevof pull on said scoop around the cutting edge thereof and the force of weight of-said scoop are in substantial equilibrium so that said scoop control frame maybe freely pivoted to said main frame.

6. A revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; a scoop control frame pivoted to said scoop; means for releasably locking said scoop and said scoop control frame against relative movement; a main frame; means for attaching said main frame to a tractive vehicle; a main pivot for attaching said main frame to said scoop control frame, said main pivot being so situated that the line of pull on said scoop control frame and said scoop passes close to the cutting edge of said scoop, and said scoop control frame be ing unrestricted in pivotal movementrelative to said main frame; and an operating lever for manually adiusting the position of said scoop.

7. A revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; pivots attached to said scoop; a scoop control frame having a'pair of triangular frames, the rear cornersof said triangular frames pivoting on said pivots; means for holding said scoop 'and said scoop control frame against relative rotation in one direction; and a main frame having side bars,

said side bars being turned downward at the I rear ends and being pivotally secured to forward lower corners of said triangular frames.

8. A revolving scraper comprising: a scoop; pivots attached to said scoop; a scoop control frame having a pair of triangular frames, the rear corners of said triangular frames pivoted on said pivots; means for holding said scoop and said scoop control frame against relative rotation in one direction; a main frame having side bars, said side bars being turned downward at the rear ends and being pivotally secured to forward lower corners of said triangular frames; and an operating lever extending forward over said main frame from the up-' per forward corners of said triangular frames.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California;

this 26th day of January, 1926.

JOSEPH S. REYNOLDS. 

